NEW QUESTION 71
A 56 year old presents unwell They are diagnosed with a hypertensive crisis. You decide to start sodium nitroprusside What best describes the mechanism of action of this drug?

NEW QUESTION 72
A 21 year old woman attends with an earring becoming lodged in the lobule of her ear You decide to perform a nerve block to allow removal of the earring Which nerve are you most likely to need to block?

NEW QUESTION 73
You intubate a patient in the resuscitation room After inducing anaesthesia you lie the patient supine. Which lung volume is most affected by this change in posture?

NEW QUESTION 74
A 54 year old man presents with headaches, palpitations and diaphoresis Imaging findings are consistent with a phaeochromocytoma The cells affected in this condition are most likely to be found in which region?

NEW QUESTION 75
You suspect cauda equina syndrome in an 85 year old man with metastatic cancer On examination there is loss of anal tone Which myotomes are most likely to be affected and causing this examination finding?

NEW QUESTION 76
A patient presents to the ED a few days after a significant head injury He is polyuric with hypernatremia and high plasma osmolality Which hormone is most likely to cause this picture?

NEW QUESTION 77
A 75 year old man presents to the ED with burning epigastric abdominal pain You note that he has rheumatoid arthritis and is on diclofenac.
Which step would have been the most beneficial in preventing the development ot ulcers in this patient?

NEW QUESTION 78
A patient presents following a stabbing to his chest and has a cardiac arrest You perform an anterolateral thoracotomy. Which muscle in addition to pectoralis major are you most likely to incise?

NEW QUESTION 79
You plan to use a local anaesthetic to provide intravenous regional anaesthesia to reduce a patient’s wrist fracture Which local anaesthetic is most appropriate?

NEW QUESTION 80
A premature baby is born at 28 weeks’ gestation in your ED. They are at risk of respiratory distress syndrome due to lack of surfactant What best describes the composition of this substance?

NEW QUESTION 81
A 45 year old man has been in a motorbike crash A CT scan shows a fracture dislocation at T4 The sensory level is most likely to be found at which surface landmark?

NEW QUESTION 82
A 77 year old woman is brought to the ED following a house fire Arterial blood gas confirms she has an increased carboxyhaemoglobin level What is the most likely effect on the oxygen dissociation curve?

NEW QUESTION 83
An 87 year old man is brought to the ED from his nursing home with loose stools and abdominal pain. You suspect Clostridium difficile infection because he had a recent course of antibiotics for pneumonia.
What measure is most likely to reduce the spread of infection to other patients?

NEW QUESTION 84
An eight year old boy presents with headache fever, fatigue and leg pain There is erythema and swelling over his thigh You suspect osteomyelitis.
What is the most likely causative organism?

NEW QUESTION 85
A 43 year old Afghan national presents to the ED with a four month history of cough, weight loss and night sweats What test is most consistent with active tuberculosis?

NEW QUESTION 86
A patient presents with septic shock A venous blood gas shows a metabolic acidosis Following treatment with crystalloid infusion and antibiotics their HR and BP are normal A repeat venous gas shows a persistent metabolic acidosis with a normal anion gap Which mechanism best explains the results of the repeat blood gas?

NEW QUESTION 87
A patient presents with anaphylaxis requiring adrenaline She is markedly vasodilated Which substance is most likely to be responsible for this appearance?

NEW QUESTION 88
A patient presents with an arrhythmia and as you are treating them you discuss with a student the depolarisation phase of the cardiac action potential Which change initiates this phase of the action potential?

NEW QUESTION 89
You are managing a patient with life threatening asthma and you start IV aminophylline Which electrolyte is it most important to monitor in this patient?

NEW QUESTION 90
A 40 year old woman wilh a new diagnosis of type II diabetes has significant hyperglycaemia What is the most likely cause of her elevated blood glucose?